The Bayern Munich striker was hotly tipped to become the first Englishman to win the top individual prize since Michael Owen in 2001, and he pipped Kylian Mbappe and Lamine Yamal to the prize.
Kane emerged victorious in a ceremony that was delayed by 45 minutes at the London Palladium, and the former Spurs forward scooped the prize presented to him by two-time winner Ronaldo Nazario.
Spurs responded on social media with a congratulatory message to their former captain.
“One of our own,” their infographic read, accompanying the caption: “The 2026 Men's Ballon d'Or winner. Congratulations, Harry.”
Kane thanked Spurs - and all the managers he had played under - in his acceptance speech afterwards.
"Thank you to Tottenham Hotspur as well,” the England international said.
"I wouldn't be where I am today without Tottenham. All the guidance, all the coaches you have allowed me to live my dream. For all those moments, all the ups and downs along the way has led me to this moment here today.
"To all the fans, Bayern, England fans, Spurs fans and all my fans around the world. I love you in this room tonight.
"The support you give me - I appreciate it all. I remember being a fan not long ago and what it means to play football. It was a dream of mine.
"Any time I can give back to you guys is an honour and privilege to do so."